Which analysis should be done to water? |
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For drinking water; color, turbidity, iron, manganese, chlorine, total hardness, conductivity, silica, pH, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia and for wastewater; BOD, COD, SS and pH, analysis should be done. |
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What is pH? |
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pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. It has a scale between 0-14. The hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of pure water is equal to its hydroxide (OH-) ion concentration and pH value is 7 which means neutral. It is a parameter which effects the chemical reactions and bacteriological growth at biological treatment. |
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What are the benefits of a water treatment system? |
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•Producing a high quality and healthy drinking and usage water and process water,
•Removal of suspended solids from water which create turbidity and dirt,
•Removal of iron and other heavy metals from well water,
•Increase in the quality of process water guarantees a better product quality,
•Increase in life time of plumbing and devices working with water such as washing machines, dishwashers, kettles etc. |
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What are the benefits of Reverse Osmosis System at Steam Boiler? |
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Steam boilers feed with Reverse Osmosis product water with low conductivity, have decrease in boiler bluff times, water and energy usage. Also low conductivity increases the steam boiler plumbing’s life time. |
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Can boiled water considered as treated water? |
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Boiling of drinking and usage water for disinfection only removes the pathogen (disease causing) microorganisms. But this application decreases the taste quality of water and doesn’t remove the dissolved salts from water. Also, boiling cause evaporation of water and reducing in water quantity leads this pollutant parameters concentration to increase. |
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Is chlorine toxic to human body? |
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The chlorine value in city water is 0,3-0,5 mg/lt and this value is not toxic to human body. |
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What is the importance of multimedia filtration rate? |
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Multimedia filtration includes different sizes of quartz sand mineral, so the high flow rate of the water can decrease the filtration capacity and low flow rate on the other hand, can cause bacteriological growth. |
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What is Water Hardness? |
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Hardness is made up of calcium and magnesium - rock that is dissolved in your water. With this in your water, it is difficult to wash because the hardness prevents soap from lathering. Hardness also leads to scaling in pipes and water heaters. |
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What is Fr? |
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Hardness is described in French hardness (Fr), German hardness (Gh), English hardness (Eh) or mg CaCO3/lt (parts per million - ppm). Normally in Turkey, we use French Hardness unit. 1 Fr is equal to 10mg/lt CaCO3 hardness. |
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Which water can be called as hard water? |
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0-7,5 Fr = Soft Water
7.5-15 F = Medium Hard Water
15-30 F = Hard Water
>30 = Very Hard Water |
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How can hard water be softened? |
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A process called ion exchange is used to remove hardness. The resin in a softener acts like a magnet, pulling hardness out of the water. Once the resin has reached its capacity or can't attract any more hardness, it cleans itself by regenerating. Regenerant (salt or salt substitute) is used to clean the hardness off the resin. |
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What is Tandem Softening Unit? |
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Tandem softening unit includes a twin softening units which works one by one in an order. |
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What is Volume Controlled System? |
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In volume controlled systems, the regeneration or backwash period can be done at the predetermined water flow. |
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What is Activated Carbon? |
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Activated carbon minerals have porous structure and have no harmful effect on human health. Due to its porous structure it removes odor, taste, color and chlorine from water. |
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What is the purpose of Iron and Manganese removal from water? |
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Dissolved iron and manganese give water a very bad taste and odor. Besides they also change the water color to a blur yellow-brown color. Aesthetically, it is not suitable for usage. It also effects the product quality in industrial processes. Chlorine dosing can be an alternative for the precipitation of iron and manganese or for higher concentrations iron and manganese removal minerals can also be used. |
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What is Reverse Osmosis? |
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It is a physical process which removes the dissolved salts from water by the aid of a semi permeable membrane. While the purified water passes through the membranes, the dissolved solids, particles and other organic matter that cannot pass through the membrane are sent to the drainage. |
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What is the purpose of Membrane Chemical Cleaning Process? |
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Membrane chemical cleaning process is done periodically to remove the precipitated salts from membrane surface with acidic and basic solutions. |
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What is Biological Treatment? |
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The organic matter in domestic and industrial wastewater is a nutrient for microorganisms and they fragment these nutrients biologically. In order to perform biological treatment process; nutrients and oxygen must be provided to the system for microorganisms. |
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What is Chemical Treatment? |
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Chemical treatment process involves the addition of chemical substances such as coagulant and polyelectrolyte etc. to the wastewater at suitable pH value to precipitate the dissolved and suspended solids as sludge. |
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What is the difference between Biological Treatment and Chemical Treatment? |
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Some wastewater, especially industrial wastewater, includes chemicals and solvents which cannot be fragmented by the microorganisms. In these kind of cases, the usage of coagulants and flocculants helps the chemicals precipitate as sludge and the precipitated sludge can be removed from the bottom of the reaction tank. |
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What is Package (Compact) Wastewater Treatment System? |
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Package wastewater treatment system is designed for domestic and low flow industrial wastewater which includes all the equipments inside of a container and can be designed as mobile. Depending on field conditions, system is either constructed as steel or concrete. |
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